Electrochemical deposition is a very efficient method for producing many types of modern materials. This method is not expensive and does not have a limit for sample size. In our work, the preparation of Ag and Au nanowires is presented. The obtained nanowires had different diameter and length, which were tunable by template porous material and time of deposition, respectively. The quality of the prepared wires was dependent also on deposition mode. The smallest wires of the diameter around 29 nm were prepared in porous anodic alumina oxide obtained from sulfuric acid. The largest ones, around 44 nm, were produced in oxalic acid. The morphology and surface structure of the AAO films were examined before and after electrodeposition by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscope (AFM), and x-ray diffraction spectroscopy.

ABSTRACT: Nano technology refers to enhancing the function and delivering the upcoming smart solutions to products at the nanoscale level. It relates to organizing the molecules for altering in dimension and characteristic for improvement like smart fabric. These fabrics could assist producers with the added prominence on a standard of living, visual attraction, and system wanted technological produces. Nanosize particles can unveil unpredicted characteristics dissimilar from the bulk matter. The fundamental principle is that the features could radically be altered after the material is decreased to the nanometer scale. Nanotechnology has multipurpose functions in fabric manufacturing in producing the stain and wrinkles defiance, flame retardant, antimicrobial and antistatic properties, moisture control, ultraviolet protection, and release features. The nanomaterials inside the fabric could influence numerous qualities, comprising reduction, electrical conductivity, flammability, and strength. Nanotechnology has additionally created a significant impression on various application and implementation. Nano-doctored fabrics may advance numerous fabrications as the nano-science progresses further.

Polyurethane foam was chemically functionalized with β-naphthol to adsorb metal ions (Fe3+, Cu2+, Cr3+, Co2+ and Mn2+), applying the off-line solid phase extraction procedure. The concentrations of the metals have been detemined using the flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (FAAS). Various factors including, the pH of the sample solution and the time of extraction were examined. The interference effects of the additional ions in the solution were studied, metal ions of Na+, K+, Mg2+ and Ca2+ and anions, CO32- and SO42-. The new sorbent was examined for separation of Cu, Mn, Cr, Co and Fe ions. The adsorption of metal ions onto β-Nap-PUF was tested using the Morris-Weber equation. The straight line of the plot qt (adsorbed amounts at time t) vs t in all cases, with low R2 (0.767) in case of Mn, indicates the intra particle transport phenomena. The Lagergren equation was applied for mass action phenomenon. The plots of log(1-F) Vs t for Mn, Cr, and Cu were straight with high R2 0.99, 0.98, and 0.81 respectively, indicates that mass action phenomenon are controlling the mechanism following first order process. The capacity sequence of the sorbent was in the order Mn2+ > Co2+ > Cr3+ > Fe3+> Cu2+.

The electronic structure and spectra of schiff base derivatives compounds are investigated using TD-DFT/B3LYB/6-311G (d, p) level of theory. The results of calculations show that all the studied compounds 1–4 are non-planar, as indicated from the dihedral angles. The electronic absorption spectra of the studied compounds are recorded in the UV-VIS region, in both ethanol (as polar solvent) and dioxane (as non-polar solvent) . Solvent dependence of the band maxima (λmax) and intensities of the observed spectra are explained in terms of blue and red shifts. Electronic configurations contributing to each excited state are identified and the relevant MOs are characterized. The theoretical spectra computed at CAM-B3LYP/6-311G (d, p) in gas phase, ethanol and dioxane nicely reproduce the observed spectra. The natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis were discussed in terms of the extent of delocalization, intermolecular charge transfer and second order perturbation interactions between donor and acceptor MOs. The calculated EHOMO and ELUMO energies of the studied compounds can be used to explain the extent of charge transfer in the molecule and to calculate the global properties; the chemical hardness (η), global softness (S), electrophilicity (ω), and electronegativity (χ). The calculated nonlinear optical parameters (NLO); polarizibilty (α), anisotropy of the polarizibility (Δα) and first order hyperpolarizibility (β) of the studied compounds have been calculated at the same level of theory and compared with the proto type Para-Nitro-Aniline (PNA), show promising optical properties. 3D-plots of the molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) for some of the studied compounds are investigated and analyzed showing the distribution of electronic density of orbital's describing the electrophilic and nucleophilic sites of the selected molecules. The biological activity of the studied compounds was tested against gram positive, gram negative and Fungi. A correlation between energetic, global properties and biological activity were investigated and discussed.

Mononuclear acyclic cobalt(II) complex [CoL](NO3)2, with the L = 3,3ʹ-dimethoxy-2,2ʹ-(propane-1,3-diyldioxy)dibenzaldehyde was synthesized and used as a precursor for preparation of the Co3O4 nanoparticles. The method was based on thermal decomposition of the cobalt(II) complex at 450 ºC for 3 h in air atmosphere. The cobalt oxide nanoparticles were characterized using FT-IR, UV-Vis, XRD, SEM, and TEM techniques. The FT-IR and XRD results revealed that the Co3O4 nanopartcles were pure cubic and single phase. TEM image proved the formation of weakly agglomerated Co3O4 consisted of uniformaly shaped nanoparticles. The average particle size of the obtained Co3O4, derived from transmission electron microscopy data was approximately 17 nm, which is in agreement with that calculated by XRD. In addition, the optical spectrum indicated one direct band gap at 2.3 eV.

The present study has focused on the effect of stirring to produce ferric saccharide capsules with alginate coating applying the coacervation method so that we can obtain the best capsules for fortification of hydrated and dehydrated food products. At first, three methods including stirrer, ultra-sonic and sonic bath were compared in order to select the best way of stirring. The experiments results showed that turning was provided by the stirrer method resulted in capsulation with spherical morphology and uniform distribution of surface. In this case the other factors such as the alginate concentration and calcium salt concentration were investigated. After studying the various conditions, it is suggested that the best Capsules were formed in alginate 3% at 500 rpm with concentration of calcium chloride salt 1M. The resulted capsules by this method had a high efficiency and were more stable in hydrated and dehydrated food ingredients network for a long time.

Nano-sized powder of a new 1D copper(I) coordination polymer, [Cu(nba2en)(NCS)]n (1), (nba2en = N,Nʹ-bis(4-ntrobenzylidene)ethane-1,2-diamine, was synthesized using ultrasonic bath assisted and characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), IR and 1H-NMR spectroscopy, and elemental analyses. Thermal stability of 1 was studied using thermogravimetric (TG) and differential thermal analyses (DTA). The crystal structure was investigated by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The structure of 1 consists of a 1D polymeric chain in which copper(I) ions are bridged by two thiocyanate group bonding in an end-to-end fashion, with CuCu separation 5.556(4) Å.

Delivery of API molecules to the brain is a challenging task. The main aim of this review is to present ocular route as a powerful region and focus on the various Nano-formulations. Various efforts in ocular drug delivery have been made to improve the bioavailability and to prolong the residence time of drugs applied topically onto the eye. Poor bioavailability of drugs from ocular dosage form is mainly due to the tear production, non-productive absorption, transient residence time, and impermeability of corneal epithelium. Though the topical and localized application are still an acceptable and preferred way to achieve therapeutic level of drugs used to treat ocular disorders but the primitive ophthalmic solution, suspension, and ointment dosage form are no longer sufficient to combat various ocular diseases. This article reviews the constraints with conventional ocular therapy and explores various novel approaches, in general, to improve ocular bioavailability of the drugs, advantages of vesicular approach over these and the future challenges to render the vesicular system more effective.

A simple, specific, sensitive and rapid stability-indicating high performance thin layer chromatographic method has been developed for the simultaneous estimation of ledipasvir and sofosbuvir in combined dosage form. In this method, the separation was achieved on silica gel 60F254 thin layer chromatography plates using mobile phase comprising of hexane: ethyl acetate: methanol (5:3:2,v/v/v) with 3 drops of ammonia at 288 nm as selected wavelength on a densitometer. The Rf value of sofosbuvir and ledipasvir were observed to be 0.21±0.02 and 0.43±0.02, respectively. The linearity, precision, accuracy, robustness, specificity, limit of detection and limit of quantitation of the method were validated according to the ICH guidelines. The linear regression analysis for calibration plots produced r2=0.9948±0.0005 and r2 = 0.9927±0.0003 for ledipasvir and sofosbuvir, respectively. Percent recovery of the drugs from tablet formulation was carried out by standard addition method and was found to be close to 100 and relative standard deviation was less than 2%, which indicated good accuracy and precision of the method. The factors evaluated in the robustness test were determined to have an insignificant effect on the selected responses. To make the method more specific stress studies were conducted for both drugs individually as well as in the combined form by subjected to acid, alkali and neutral hydrolysis, oxidation, thermal and photolytic degradation. Degradation studies indicated ledipasvir to be susceptible to acid and alkaline hydrolysis, thermal, photolytic and oxidative degradation whereas sofosbuvir was susceptible only to alkaline hydrolysis. The degradation product peaks were well resolved from the pure drug with significant differences in their Rf values. The results indicate that the method is suitable for the routine quality control testing of marketed tablet formulation.

The europium silsesquioxane complexes are synthesized with Eu(NO3)3∙6H2O to corner cap with incomplete condensation of hepta(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)-tricycloheptasiloxane trisodium silanolate (7F-T7-(ONa)3 along with the 1,3,5,7,9,11,14-hepta isobutyltricyclo [7,3,3,15,14] heptasiloxane-3,7,11-trisilanol (trisilanolisobutyl-POSS). These europium silsesquioxane complexes are highly soluble in organic solvents and show a red emission. Photoluminescence of Eu3+-CF-POSS is higher compared with Eu3+-CH-POSS. This fluorescence enhancement is due to the significant effect of the large POSS units. The europium silsesquioxane complexes were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer (FT–IR), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE–SEM), energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The excitation and emission pattern of polyhedral europium silsesquioxanes was studied using photoluminescence spectrophotometer. The results show an excellent emission property at the wavelength between 612 and 620 nm which correspond to the 5D0–7F2 transition of europium in polyhedral silsesquioxanes.